黑土土壤水分反射光谱特征定量分析与预测

选择单一土类黑土作为研究对象, 并准确调配其不同含水量,实验室测定土壤高光谱反射率,利用光谱分析与统计方法,定量描述了不同含水量黑土反射光谱特征,并建立了黑土含水量反射光谱预测模型,结果表明,随土壤含水量的增加,达到一定阈值（300 g kg-1）,反射率存在过饱和现象,但其倒数对数微分可以有效去除饱和问题;土壤反射率倒数对数微分对土壤含水量的响应表现出三个变化阶段,导致1 870 nm波段的倒数对数微分也表现为非线性变化,需要利用分段函数进行土壤含水量的光谱精确速测。     

一种N-硝基苯基脲衍生物的合成

合成了一种新型的植物生长调节剂和除草剂N-硝基苯基脲衍生物，并利用元素分析、红外光谱对其结构进行了初步表征。     

求解约束最优化问题KKT系统的BFGS方法

利用Fischer—Burmeister函数，将约束最优化问题KKT系统转化为等价的非光滑方程组，利用广义导数，给出一个求解该非光滑方程组的BFGS方法。其子问题是一个系数阵为正定对称阵的线性方程组．为保证全局收敛性，我们引进了一个适当的线性搜索，它使得效益函数近似下降．在适当的条件下，我们证明了算法是适定的，并具有全局收敛性和超线性收敛性．     

柱前衍生反相液相色谱法测定饲料中氨基酸含量

采用邻苯二甲醛-氯甲酸芴甲酯(OPA-FMOC)柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定饲料中17种氨基酸含量,以C18柱为分析柱,采用荧光检测器,25min内17种氨基酸得到了分离.氨基酸浓度在10-1000pmol/ul范围内,其峰面积与氨基酸浓度的线性相关系数均大于0.996,17种氨基酸的加标回收率在83.9%-109.8%范围内.试验结果表明本方法具有操作简单、灵敏度高,适用于饲料中氨基酸的测定.     

MTDFREML法估计大白母猪繁殖性状的遗传参数

运用多性状非求导约束最大似然法（multiple traits derivative free restricted maximum likelihood，MTDFREML），对湖南正虹种猪场和益阳市农科所种猪场（益农种猪场）大门母猪1998—2004年的共7736胎次的繁殖性状育种记录进行遗传参数估计．2个猪场繁殖母猪的总产仔数（TNB）、产活仔数（NBA）、初生窝重（LWB）和21日龄窝重（LW21）的遗传力分别为0．23，0．18，0．21，0．27，母体遗传效应占表型方差百分率为0．09—0．15，窝效应占表型方差百分率为0．08-0．38．繁殖性状间遗传相关为0．37—0．78．永久环境相关为0．80—0．93。表型相关为0．32～0．88．     

一种三氮唑类杀菌剂中杂质的检测及结构鉴定

[目的]对一种三氮唑类杀菌剂中的杂质进行分离及结构鉴定。[方法]采用RP-HPLC法对该三氮唑类杀菌剂进行成分分析并用硅胶柱色谱法对主要杂质进行分离,根据质谱、核磁共振和红外谱数据进行结构鉴定。[结果和结论]该三氮唑杀菌剂中含有2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1-(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)-2-丙醇,1-[2-(2,4-二氟苯基)烯丙基]-1H-1,2,4-三氮唑,2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1-(4H-1,2,4-三氮唑-4-基)-3-三甲基硅烷基-2-丙醇,2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1-氯-2-丙醇。     

Preparation and application of an<Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis>-triazine-based novel<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-halamine biocide for antimicrobial fibers

N-halamines serve as important antimicrobial agents. Development of this class of compounds has been shown to provide benefits especially from a biocidal point of view. A novels-triazine-basedN-heterocycle, dichloro-m-aminophenyl-hydantoinyl-s-triazine (DAPHT), which could be rendered antimicrobial through exposure to diluted chlorine bleach, was synthesized and characterized by¹H NMR,¹³C NMR, and FT-IR. A finishing method was used to apply theN-halamine precursor onto cotton fabric, and the optimum conditions for finishing were investigated. The DAPHT-treated cotton fabric had durable antimicrobial properties up to 50 standard washing cycles and was rechargeable under normal laundry/bleaching conditions. The antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was demonstrated.     

分光光度法测定大豆籽粒总嘌呤含量

嘌呤(Purine)是一种生物碱,可在人体内代谢为尿酸,当人体尿酸代谢紊乱时会诱发痛风,对人体健康产生不利影响.豆类及其豆制品的嘌呤含量较高(约为1.581 mg.g-1),因此建立大豆籽粒总嘌呤含量检测方法对于评价豆类及其制品的营养保健价值具有现实意义.采用分光光度法即利用物质所特有的吸收光谱来测定其含量的分析检测方法;同时比较皖黄506和Williams82两个品种的豆粉水解时间、水解温度和溶剂浓度对大豆籽粒总嘌呤含量水解效果的影响.结果 表明:总嘌呤含量在267 nm下与吸光度值呈显著正相关(R2=0.09992);在100℃条件下,35％(V/V)的高氟酸处理30 rain时大豆籽粒总嘌呤水解效果最佳.该试验方法简单方便,成本低,可行性强,重现性好,适用于大豆籽粒中总嘌呤含量的测定.     

Effect of curcumin derivative B06 on liver from type 2 diabetic rats

AIM:To observe the protective effect of curcumin derivative B06 on the liver from the rats with hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=35) were divided randomly into 5 groups: normal control group, high-fat group, high-fat+B06-treated group, diabetic group and diabetic +B06-treated group. After fed with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, the rats in the later 2 groups were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus. The rats in B06-treated groups were given B06 by gavage at a dose of 0.2 mg· kg-1·d-1 for 8 weeks. After the treatment, the morphology of the liver was observed under light and transmission electron microscopes. The protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and phosphorylated AMPK α (p-AMPKα) was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS:Fatty degeneration, hepatocellular necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and hyperplasia of fibrous tissue were observed in the liver from the rats in high-fat group and diabetic group,and were relieved after B06 treatment. The protein expression of p-AMPKα was decreased in the liver of the rats in diabetic group and high-fat group, and it was increased in the liver of the high-fat and diabetic rats in B06-treated group. CONCLUSION:Curcumin derivative B06 exerts a protective effect on the liver in type 2 diabetic rats, and the increased expression of p-AMPKα may be involved in the mechanism of protection.     

Bioactive Phenylalanine Derivatives and Cytochalasins from the Soft Coral-Derived Fungus,Aspergillus elegans

One new phenylalanine derivative 4′-OMe-asperphenamate (1), along with one known phenylalanine derivative (2) and two new cytochalasins, aspochalasin A1 (3) and cytochalasin Z24 (4), as well as eight known cytochalasin analogues (5–12) were isolated from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus elegans ZJ-2008010, a fungus obtained from a soft coral Sarcophyton sp. collected from the South China Sea. Their structures and the relative configurations were elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by chemical synthesis and Marfey’s method. All isolated metabolites (1–12) were evaluated for their antifouling and antibacterial activities. Cytochalasins 5, 6, 8 and 9 showed strong antifouling activity against the larval settlement of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite, with the EC₅₀ values ranging from 6.2 to 37 μM. This is the first report of antifouling activity for this class of metabolites. Additionally, 8 exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, especially against four pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus albus, S. aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus.